JACKSON LAKE ASSOCIATION
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The History of Lloyd Shoals Dam on Jackson Lake

In the shadow of the 20th century, nestled within the undisturbed landscapes of the Piedmont Region of Georgia, a revolutionary dream was taking form. It was the era of industrialists who saw the ebb and flow of rivers not just as the poetry of nature but as the very rhythm of progress. Their dream sought to harness this rhythm and, in 1900, crystallized into the visionary construction of the Lloyd Shoals Dam at Jackson Lake—a scientific and engineering feat that promised to illuminate the manufacturing heart of Georgia.
As we stand in an age where the legacy of such dreams flicker at the gentle tug of a switch, we invite you to traverse the corridors of time through a specially curated photo archive. This collection is a visual odyssey that captures the birth of Jackson Lake, a testament to human ingenuity and nature's beauty coalescing to gift us the dual wonders of inexpensive electricity and a scenic paradise that we call home.
Over the forthcoming months, this digital exhibit will unfurl seldom-seen images—now digitized with care—for public enjoyment and historical edification. Witness the transformation of a landscape into what is Lloyd Shoals Dam and Jackson Lake.
This archive is not just a compendium of the past but a beacon for the future, an invitation for custodianship. We are calling upon you to be part of this. Do you hold fragments of this history in your family albums, hidden treasures of the Jackson Lake that was, between 1900 and 1960? Share your snapshots, stories, and memorabilia with us at [email protected]. Each contribution will knit together a richer tapestry for generations to come.


Consider supporting the Jackson Lake Association by becoming a member or making your friends aware of the benefits of membership. Our goal is to keep Jackson Lake clean, safe, and a wholesome experience for our families now and for generations to come.

Electrifying Change: The Rise of the Dam

8/13/2024

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In the early 1900s, the air in the Central Georgia Piedmont Region buzzed with anticipation and trepidation. In the heart of this landscape, a colossal project was underway: the construction of a grand dam; the largest of it’s kind on the planet at the time! At its side stood the formidable Lane Bros No. 1 Crane, manufactured by Industrial Works in Bay City, Michigan. Though it was one of the finest machines of its time, it would still take a dedicated team of 500 workers several years to complete the dam, finally achieving its goal of generating electricity for the first time on February 23, 1911.
But not everyone shared in the excitement. As the Central Georgia Power Company moved forward, acquiring over 7,000 acres of prime land, discontent simmered among the locals. Fertile floodplain fields and vast stretches of timberland—some of the most valuable land in the region—were at risk of being lost forever. Many residents perceived the dam as an encroachment, dubbing it “a Yankee conspiracy” fueled by northern investments. A small group spoke out vehemently against the project, fearing that their way of life was being sacrificed for a vision that did not include them.
 
Despite opposition, the project pressed on. If landowners refused to sell, the power company invoked its legal right to condemn properties for flood rights, offering fair market value in exchange for land that had been passed down through generations. The determination of the power company was unwavering.
 
During this period, the construction process was grueling. In an age before modern machinery like bulldozers and dump trucks, the work relied heavily on the strength of human muscle, steam engines, miles of steel cables and the power of mules. Workers toiled under the harsh sun, the rhythmic sounds of shovels striking earth blending with the distant clatter of the crane as it lifted heavy materials into place. Each boulder and brick laid and beam secured brought them closer to the monumental achievement of the dam.
As the dam neared completion, the locals’ feelings remained mixed—a stark reminder of the struggle between progress and tradition. While the promise of electricity loomed on the horizon, its cost was measured in lost land and unsettled lives. Yet, on that fateful day in February 1911, as the switch was flipped and power flowed for the first time, the world changed forever, and the delicate balance between innovation and community would never again be the same.
 
With several safety and efficiency improvements over the decades, the dam still generates power for the area to this day.
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Working in a 3 Piece Suit

5/30/2024

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When the Lloyd Shoals Dam was constructed, there were no calculators. Instead, a highly skilled individual relied on trigonometry to calculate the topography and property lines. They used a transit, a measuring tape, and a pole with measurements on it for this purpose. The design and construction was so cutting edge that Thomas Edison was involved.

This technique, known as surveying, was both labor-intensive and time-consuming. The surveyor would meticulously measure distances, angles, and elevations, painstakingly plotting them on detailed maps. Their expertise allowed them to accurately determine the boundaries of the land and create reliable maps for construction projects. While modern technology has simplified the process with advanced surveying tools, it's important to acknowledge the ingenuity of those early surveyors who relied solely on their meticulous calculations and manual instruments to shape the landscapes we see today. Their legacy lives on as a testament to human resourcefulness and skill.
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40 Below and Going Strong

5/23/2024

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In 1905, as the Industrial Revolution gains momentum, engineers and workers embark on an ambitious project to harness the power of water to generate electricity: the creation of the Lloyd Shoals Dam. Construction crews meticulously install a system of iron tubes that play a pivotal role in the dam's operation.
These iron tubes are placed over 40 feet below the ground's surface and are strategically positioned to capture the immense water pressure that is created once the dam is completed and the generators are activated. As the water flows through the tubes, it exerts a powerful force that propels the massive turbines, causing them to spin at incredible speeds.
The turbines, in turn, are connected to generators, which convert the mechanical energy into clean and renewable electricity. This innovative system, designed more than a century ago, continues to operate efficiently to this day, providing a testament to the ingenuity and foresight of the engineers who conceived it.
Today, Lloyd Shoals Dam stands as a symbol of sustainable energy production. Its six functional turbines generate a significant amount of electricity on a daily basis, contributing to the region's power grid and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. The dam's longevity and continued operation are a testament to the quality of its construction and the dedication of the workers who have built and maintained it throughout the years.
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A Temporary Steam Engine Track

5/1/2024

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This photo was taken from the lakeside of the dam. They used a steam engine on a temporary track to transport materials to the worksite. It seems that they gathered sand on the Jasper side and loaded it onto barges to mix a new type of concrete. 
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Placing Stone

4/15/2024

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Marvel at the striking image of the Creation of the Dam at Jackson Lake "Placing Stone". Back in 1905, the construction relied on just two steam engines and an array of cables, pulleys, and intensive manual labor, accompanied by considerable risk. The initial phase involved altering the course of a vast shoal before constructing a foundation spanning 1,000 feet in length and 80-100 feet in width, all made with massive, cut granite stones.
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What an Amazing Vision...

3/29/2024

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​This photo is the earliest we have of the Lloyd Shoals Dam construction. Observe the large pine tree that remains upright while workers dig a 100-foot-wide footer and set massive granite blocks for the foundation. At this stage, only two steam engines and numerous laborers are present, indicating a remarkably hazardous work setting. We look forward to sharing more remarkable photos.
Thank you for your interest in this fascinating piece of local history.
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The Creation of Lloyd Shoals Dam

3/22/2024

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This picture was taken just after the river was first diverted, so the main foundation, which is 100 feet wide and 1000 feet long, could be completed. Subsequent pictures will show the progress made using only manual labor, pulleys, cables, and steam engines. Wow! Follow us on this feed as we continue to share more photos. Over the forthcoming months, this digital exhibit will unfurl seldom-seen images—now digitized with care—for public enjoyment and historical edification. Witness the transformation of a landscape into what is Lloyd Shoals Dam and Jackson Lake. 
Read more online at 
https://www.jlaga.org/jacksonlakehistory

Do you hold fragments of this history in your family albums, hidden treasures of the Jackson Lake that was, between 1900 and 1960? Share your snapshots, stories, and memorabilia with us at [email protected]. Each contribution will knit together a richer tapestry for generations to come.
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    Author

    Photos and information provided by Wally Cawthon except where otherwise noted.

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  • Home
  • About Us
    • Contact Us
  • Membership
    • Member Benefits
    • Join/Pay Dues
    • Subscribe to Newsletter
  • Events
    • Deck The Docks
    • Denim & Diamonds Annual Party
    • Member Meetings >
      • JLA Member Vendor Exhibit
    • Cleanups
    • FIREWORKS
    • Poker Run
    • Paddle The River
    • Ride the River
    • “Lake Life” Art Contest
    • Waiver of Liability
  • Lake Merchandise
  • Links
    • History of Lloyd Shoals Dam ​& Jackson Lake
    • Water Quality
    • Scholarship
    • Jackson Lake Sun >
      • JL SUN ADVERTISERS
    • South River Trash Collector